Questions for the Wan and Chiou (2006) Article

1. What’s the topic of the research?

The topic of the research is to investigate the conscious and unconscious psychological motivations of online game addicts, and to further discuss the relationship between surface and source motivations.

2. Copy the introduction and highlight sections that correspond to the following three questions. Use yellow, red, and green (in that order):

What is known about this topic?

The Internet itself is not addictive, but specific applications embedded with interactive features appear to play a significant role in the development of pathological Internet use.

Users can build their own virtual organizations and create individual factions, organizations, and
terms based on shared beliefs, goals, preferences, and other factors.

Online games have become one of the most addictive activities on the Internet.

Excessive use of online games can result in a number of negative outcomes, such as a negative impact on academic performance, increased anxiety, deterioration of interpersonal relationship,
escape from reality, and youth violence and crimes.

What’s missing in our current knowledge about the topic?

The majority of research concerned with online games has been conducted within a quantitative research paradigm. Few have explored this issue using qualitative research methodology, such as conducting in-depth interviews with online game addicts. Tsai and Lin suggested that qualitative data gathered from interviews might not only help researchers interpret the findings revealed but also produce a more detailed picture about Internet addiction. Griffiths also suggested that other empirical techniques such as in-depth qualitative interviews are required.

How will the author find out what’s missing?

The aim of this study was to conduct in-depth interviews focusing on excessive and addictive online game use among adolescents in Taiwan.

3. The introduction only provides a cursory discussion of previous research. Why is this so?

The study has titled with rapid communication. So, authors has to state their opinion in a short time. As a result they emphasize the basic point not included in the previous researches.

4. Who is the article’s intended audience? Why should the audience be concerned about the issue? (Provide a relevant quote from the text of the article.)

Academics studying on human psyhcology are the article`s intended audience. Also, people having great concern on the online game addiction of youth are the intended audience.

Against there are more quantitative studies on the online game addiction, researchers may be find a few qualitative studies. Because this study depends on qualitative methods, it can be attractive for these researchers.

"Analysis of the results indicated that psychological needs and motivations could be categorized into the following seven themes:

The aim of this study was to explore addicts’ psychological texts among adolescents in Taiwan.

The aim of this study was to conduct in-depth interviews focusing on excessive and addictive online game use among adolescents in Taiwan."

5. Based on the article’s initial sentence, who do you think Young is? Status?

Young is an esteemed academician in the field of human psychology. Also he/she made several studies in the related fields. His/her studies related with online game addiction are considered an fundamental works.

6. List examples of the following uses of tense:

Present tense to describe a generalization.

Internet itself is not addictive.

Therefore, online game addiction is an issue of great concern that requires further exploration.

Ng et al.stated that social interaction in MMORPGs is highly essential, as you must collaborate with other players in the game to succeed in more complex goals, and a player must join a “guild” or “clan” of other players to advance further in the game.

Therefore, the presence of needs for power and achievement in the conscious level merely reflects their weak or absent existence in the unconscious level.

Present perfect (e.g., “I have done…”) to describe a newsworthy trend.

Online games have attracted large numbers of players.

Online games have become one of the most addictive activities on the Internet.

Past tense used to show examples.

All of the subjects exhibited addictive behavior toward online games.

7. Find three sentences that use the passive and explain if and why the passive voice is preferable to active voice.

"The subjects for the present study were selected because they demonstrated addictive behaviors toward online games and were highly cooperative."

Authors want to explain why they choose the subjects. they emphasize the qualities of subjects.

"On-line interviews can be conducted without the limitations of time and location, and each interviewee’s responses could easily be recorded in digital format"

Previous sentence, authors talk about importance of interviews which can be done over internet. So in this sentence, they start to sentence with "on line interviews" and want to emphasize useful side of this technique.

"However, this motivation is not accepted by the censorship of the superego."

This sentence can be written by using active voice "Censorhip of the superego doesn`t accept this motivation." However, in this case connection with the previous sentence may become difficult, because phrase of "this motivation' refers to the previous sentence.

8. List the transitional elements used in the paragraph under the heading “Self-reflections.”

However
Moreover
Even though
Therefore

9. Find 20 examples of hedging in the discussion section of the article.

The relationship between sense of control and self-efficacy might provide insight into this pathological use of online games.

playing games compulsively might only serve as a coping mechanism

they might become more likely to engage in

they often do things that they dare not to do in real life.

many people who are addicted to the Internet might attempt to escape

at the conscious level addicted players might seek selfpresentation in an anonymous, relaxing, and secure space,

they might actually have an unsatisfied need

some subjects’ reports indicate

the players might be pursuing the satisfaction of achievement

the pathological viewpoints of psychodynamics for compulsive behaviors could be used to explain

these source motivations might be the dynamic

the counseling intervention could be employed by

Future studies could consider conducting in-depth interviews

participants might be more forthcoming

10. Which citation style is used?
(See http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/instruct/guides/citations.html)
APA
MLA
Chicago-Turabian

Chicago-Turabian style is used.

11. How many heading styles are used in the paper? Based on the heading styles, create an outline of the paper (only use headings in your outline).

Three heading styles are used in the paper.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION

METHODS

Subjects

Procedure

Interview questions

RESULTS

Psychological needs and motivations

Addicts’ focus of life

Interplay of virtual self and real self

Compensatory or extensive satisfaction

Self-reflections

DISCUSSION

REFERENCES

12. Describe the methodology used in the study. Was this a qualitative or quantitative study?

Methodology used in the study basicly depends on some interviews. Interviewees are selected from real examples. all interviews include several questions. This study was a qualitative.

13. Based on the discussion section, what could be a possible follow on study?

A possible follow on study could be include adolescents from other countries. In this way cross-cultural analyses can be done. Also, following study could consider conducting in-depth interviews over the internet. because of the anonymous environment of internet participantc may be more honest.

14. All studies have limitations. What are some of the limitations mentioned in this study?

This study is limited by Taiwanese adolescents. It also depends on face to face interviews. This type of interviews results in a time limit. Also the number of participants is limited.